The UCI’s biological passport is an individual electronic document where the results of anti-doping tests carried out on a rider are registered on a regular basis. The biological passport contains information about direct test results (blood and urine), and both the rider’s hematological and steroid profiles (indirect tests). Before its existence, anti-doping detection was based only in direct…
Cycling Bikes Evolution – How much faster are they now?
Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century. Historically, materials used in bicycles have followed a similar pattern as in aircraft, the goal being high strength and low weight. Since the late 1930s alloy steels have been used for frame and fork tubes in higher quality machines. In the 1980s aluminum alloy frames and other components became…